p Block Elements (Group 13 & 14) JEE Main previous year questions with solutions

5 solved JEE Main questions on p Block Elements (Group 13 & 14), free to read — no sign-in needed. The full chapter has 96 questions; sign in to attempt the remaining 91 in the exam simulator.

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1. Q1JEE Main 2026 (05 Apr, Shift 2)Aluminium and Its Compounds
   Given below are two statements : Statement I: Aluminium upon reaction with NaOH forms $[Al(OH)_6]^{3-}$ ion. Statement II: The geometry of $ICl_4^-$, $ClO_3^-$ and $IBr_2^-$ is square planar, pyramidal and linear respectively. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below :
   1. A.Both Statement I and Statement II are true
   2. B.Both Statement I and Statement II are false
   3. C.Statement I is true but Statement II is false
   4. D.Statement I is false but Statement II is true
   Show answer & solution

   Answer: (D)

   Statement I: Aluminium reacts with aqueous sodium hydroxide to form sodium tetrahydroxoaluminate(III) and liberates hydrogen gas. The reaction is given by: $2Al + 2NaOH + 6H_2O \rightarrow 2Na^+[Al(OH)_4]^- + 3H_2$ The complex ion formed is $[Al(OH)_4]^-$, not $[Al(OH)_6]^{3-}$. Thus, Statement I is false. Statement II: For $ICl_4^-$, the central iodine atom has $7$ valence electrons $+ 1$ (from negative charge) $= 8$ electrons. It forms $4$ sigma bonds with Cl atoms and has $2$ lone pairs. The hybridization is $sp^3d^2$ and the shape is square planar. For $ClO_3^-$, the central chlorine atom has $7$ valence electrons $+ 1 = 8$ electrons. It forms $3$ sigma bonds with O atoms and has $1$ lone pair. The hybridization is $sp^3$ and the shape is trigonal pyramidal. For $IBr_2^-$, the central iodine atom has $7$ valence electrons $+ 1 = 8$ electrons. It forms $2$ sigma bonds with Br atoms and has $3$ lone pairs. The hybridization is $sp^3d$ and the shape is linear. Thus, Statement II is true. Therefore, Statement I is false but Statement II is true. Answer: Statement I is false but Statement II is true
2. Q2JEE Main 2025 (04 Apr, Shift 2)Boron and Its Compounds
   Given below are two statements : Statement (I) : The first ionisation enthalpy of group 14 elements is higher than the corresponding elements of group 13. Statement (II) : Melting points and boiling points of group 13 elements are in general much higher than those of the corresponding elements of group 14. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :
   1. A.Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
   2. B.Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
   3. C.Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
   4. D.Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
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   Answer: (A)

   Statement 1 is correct since left to right $1 E$ increases in general in periodic table. Statement 2 is incorrect since M.P. of group 14 elements is more than group 13 elements.
3. Q3JEE Main 2024 (06 Apr, Shift 2)Carbon and Its Compounds
   Evaluate the following statements related to group 14 elements for their correctness. (A) Covalent radius decreases down the group from $\mathrm{C}$ to $\mathrm{Pb}$ in a regular manner. (B) Electronegativity decreases from $\mathrm{C}$ to $\mathrm{Pb}$ down the group gradually. (C) Maximum covalance of $\mathrm{C}$ is 4 whereas other elements can expand their covalance due to presence of d orbitals. (D) Heavier elements do not form $\mathrm{p} \pi-\mathrm{p} \pi$ bonds. (E) Carbon can exhibit negative oxidation states. Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
   1. A.(A), (B) and (C) Only
   2. B.(C), (D) and (E) Only
   3. C.(C) and (D) Only
   4. D.(A) and (B) Only
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   Answer: (B)

   (A) Down the group; radius increases (B) EN does not decrease gradually from $\mathrm{C}$ to $\mathrm{Pb}$. (C) Correct. (D) Correct. (E) Range of oxidation state of carbon ; -4 to +4
4. Q4JEE Main 2023 (11 Apr, Shift 1)Periodic properties
   For compound having the formula ${GaAlCl}_{4}$, the correct option from the following is
   1. A.Ga is coordinated with CI in ${GaAlCl}_{4}$
   2. B.Ga is more electronegative than AI and is present as a cationic part of the salt ${GaAlCl}_{4}$
   3. C.CI forms bond with both AI and Ga in ${GaAlCl}_{4}$
   4. D.Oxidation state of Ga in the salt ${GaAlCl}_{4}\text{is}+3$
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   Answer: (B)

   Gallous tetrachloro aluminate (${GaAlCl}_{4}$) exists as ${Ga}^{+}{AlCl}_{4}^{-}$. Due to the presence of d-orbital in the case of $Ga$, the shielding effect of the d-orbital electrons is very poor so the size of the $Ga$ atom is smaller than expected and so it can attract the shared pairs of electrons more effectively. Hence, the electronegativity of $Ga$ is more than $Al.$
5. Q5JEE Main 2022 (26 Jun, Shift 1)Properties of D-block elements
   Choose the correct stability order of group $13$ elements in their $+1$ oxidation state.
   1. A.$Al\lt Ga\lt In\lt Tl$
   2. B.$Tl\lt In\lt Ga\lt Al$
   3. C.$In\lt Tl\lt Ga\lt Al$
   4. D.$Ga\lt In\lt Al\lt Tl$
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   Answer: (A)

   On moving down the group, the stability of $+3$oxidation state decreases while $+1$oxidation state increases due to inert pair effect.